Hominid

Hominids Fossil range: Stampa:Fossil rangeLate Miocene to Recent
Australopithecus africanus reconstruction
Klasifikimi shkencor
Lloji: Animalia Filumi: Chordata Klasa: Mammalia Renditja: Primates Mbifisi: Haplorrhini Infrafisi: Simiiformes Parvrenditja: Catarrhini Mbifamilja: Hominoidea Familja: Hominidae Gray, 1825
Genera
Subfamily Ponginae Pongo – orangutans Subfamily Homininae Gorilla – gorillas Homo – humans Pan – chimpanzees
Sinonimet
Pongidae Elliot, 1913

Hominidae apo majmunet njerez (Hominidae, me heret Pongidae) – ne kufizim me Gibbonet (Kleine Menschenaffen) auch als Große Menschenaffen bezeichnet – sind eine Familie der Primaten. Darin werden die heute lebenden Gattungen der Orang-Utans, Gorillas, Schimpansen und Menschen zusammengefasst, insgesamt sieben rezente Arten.[1] Paläontologisch gehören zudem die unmittelbaren Vorfahren des Menschen (Hominini) und der anderen rezenten Gattungen dazu.

History

Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii)

Taxonomic history

Humans, as depicted on a Pioneer plaque, are one of the four extant hominid genera.

Classification

Skulls of an orangutan and a gorilla

• Family Hominidae: humans and other great apes; extinct genera and species excluded
  • Subfamily Ponginae
    • Genus Pongo
      • Bornean orangutan, Pongo pygmaeus
        • Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus
        • Pongo pygmaeus morio
        • Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii
      • Sumatran orangutan, Pongo abelii
  • Subfamily Homininae
    • Tribe Gorillini
      • Genus Gorilla
        • Western gorilla, Gorilla gorilla
          • Western lowland gorilla, Gorilla gorilla gorilla
          • Cross River gorilla, Gorilla gorilla diehli
        • Eastern gorilla, Gorilla beringei
          • Mountain gorilla, Gorilla beringei beringei
          • Eastern lowland gorilla, Gorilla beringei graueri
    • Tribe Hominini
      • Genus Pan
        • Common chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes
          • Central chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes troglodytes
          • West African chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes verus
          • Nigerian chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes ellioti
          • Eastern chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii
        • Bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee), Pan paniscus
      • Genus Homo
        • Human, Homo sapiens sapiens

In addition to the extant species and subspecies above, archaeologists, paleontologists, and anthropologists have discovered numerous extinct great ape species. The list below are some of the genera of those discoveries.

• Subfamily Ponginae (or Pongidae)
  • Gigantopithecus†
  • Sivapithecus†
  • Lufengpithecus†
  • Ankarapithecus†
  • Ouranopithecus†
• Subfamily Homininae (or Hominidae)
  • Homo – immediate ancestors of modern humans
    • Homo habilis†
    • Homo rudolfensis†
    • Homo ergaster†
    • Homo georgicus†
    • Homo erectus†
    • Homo cepranensis†
    • Homo antecessor†
    • Homo heidelbergensis†
    • Homo rhodesiensis†
    • Homo neanderthalensis†
    • Homo sapiens
      • Homo sapiens idaltu†
      • Archaic Homo sapiens (Cro-magnon)†
    • Homo floresiensis†
  • Oreopithecus†(hominid status disputed)
  • Paranthropus†
  • Australopithecus†
  • Sahelanthropus†(hominid status highly problematic)
  • Orrorin†
  • Ardipithecus†
  • Kenyanthropus†

Shih edhe

• Great ape language
  • The Mind of an Ape
• Primate cognition
• List of apes – notable individual apes
• Ape extinction
  • Great Apes Survival Project
  • Kinshasa Declaration on Great Apes
• Homininae
• Human evolution
  • Timeline of human evolution

Lidhje te jashtme

Wikimedia Commons ka materiale multimediale në lidhje me: Hominidae

• Renderings of Hominid Exemplars at the Smithsonian
• Additional information on great apes
• NPR News: Toumaï the Human Ancestor
• Hominid Species at TalkOrigins Archive
• For more details on Hominid species, including excellent photos of fossil hominids
• New Scientist 19 May 2003 – Chimps are human, gene study implies
• Scientific American Magazine (April 2006 Issue) Why Are Some Animals So Smart?
• A new mediterranean hominoid-hominid link discovered, Anoiapithecus brevirostris, "Lluc": A unique Middle Miocene European hominoid and the origins of the great ape and human clade Link to graphical reconstruction