Fatimeja: Dallime mes rishikimesh

Fatimeja

ez-Zehra
Fatimeja; ez-Zehra
فَاطِمَة ٱلزَّهْرَاء
	Emri i Fatimes në kaligrafinë islame
U lind në	15 para hixhretit; (605 e.r) (e debatuar); Meka, Hixhaz, Arabia
Vdiq	3 Xhumade el-Thani ; 11 pas hixhretit; (18 gusht 632); (e debatuar); Medina, Hilafeti Rashidun
Vendi i prehjes	Vendi i varrimit të Fatimes, Medina, Hixhaz
Titulli	al-Ṣiddīqah (Gruaja e Vërtetë); al-Mubārakah (Gruaja e Bekuar); al-Ṭāhirah (Gruaja e Pastërt); al-Zakīyah (Gruaja e Dëlirë/Pafajshme); al-Muḥaddathah (Ajo e cila u fol nga engjëjt); al-Batūl (E dëlirë/pastërt); al-Zahrāʾ (E Shkëlqyeri/Zonja e Dritës); Sayyidat Nisa al-Jannah' '(Udhëheqëse e Grave të Xhenetit); Sayyidah Nisa al-Alamin (Udhëheqëse e Grave të Botë);
Bashkëshorti/ja	Aliu
Fëmijë	Hasan ibn Ali; Husejn ibn Ali; Muhsin ibn Ali; Zejneb bint Ali; Umm Kulthum bint Ali;
Prind/ër	Muhammedi; Hatixheja;
Të afërm	List Kasim ibn Muhammed (vëlla) ; Zejneb bint Muhammed (motër) ; Rukeje bint Muhammed (motër) ; Umm Kulthum bint Muhammed (motër) ; Ibrahim ibn Muhammed (vëlla) ;

Browse history interactively

[Redaktim i kontrolluar]

← Redaktim më i vjetër Ndryshimi më pas →

Content deleted Content added

PamorTekst wiki

Inline

Versioni i datës 3 janar 2022 08:41

Fatime bint Muhammed (arabisht: فَاطِمَة ٱبْنَت مُحَمَّد‎, romanizuar: Fāṭimah bint Muhammad; 605 CE/15 para hixhretit, e njohur si diferencë 23-15 para hixhretit [diskutuar 3-15 para hixhretit] zakonisht e njohur Fatime ez-Zehra (فَاطِمَة ٱلزَّهْرَاء Fāṭimah al-Zahrā), ishte më e vogla nga vajzat e profetit Muhamed dhe gruasë së tij Hatixheja sipas myslimanëve synit, ndërsa myslimanët shiitë pohojnë se Fatimeja ishte vajza e vetme biologjike e çiftit.^[9] Burri i Fatimes ishte Aliu, i katërti nga Kalifët Rashidun. Fëmijët e Fatimes përfshijnë Hasanin dhe Hysenin.

Fatimeja konsiderohej nga Muhamedi si gruaja e shquar e të gjitha kohërave dhe personi më i dashur për të. Fatimja shpesh shihet si një arketip përfundimtar për gratë myslimane dhe një shembull i dhembshurisë, bujarisë dhe vuajtjes së qëndrueshme. Emri i saj mbetet një zgjedhje popullore në të gjithë botën myslimane.

Polemika rrethon vdekjen e Fatimes, brenda gjashtë muajve nga vdekja e Muhamedit. Sipas Islamit synit, Fatimeja vdiq nga pikëllimi.^[10] Megjithatë, në Islamin Shia, vdekja (dhe aborti) e Fatimes shihen si rezultat i drejtpërdrejtë i lëndimeve që ajo pësoi gjatë një bastisjeje në shtëpinë e saj, të urdhëruar nga kalifi i parë, Ebu Bekri. Fatimja dhe burri i saj, Aliu, kishin refuzuar të pranonin autoritetin e Ebu Bekrit. Çifti dhe përkrahësit e tyre menduan se Aliu ishte pasuesi i ligjshëm i Muhamedit, i emëruar prej tij në Ngjarjen e Ghadir Khumm.^[11]

Është e mirëdokumentuar se dëshira e vdekjes së Fatimes ishte që Ebu Bekri të mos merrte pjesë në varrimin e saj.^[12] Ajo u varros nën mbulesën e errësirës dhe vendi i saktë i varrimit të saj mbetet i panjohur deri më sot.^[13]

Lindja

Fatimeja lindi në Mekë nga Hatixheja, gruaja e parë e Muhamedit. Ka mosmarrëveshje rreth vitit të lindjes së saj: Pikëpamja kryesore sunite është se Fatimeja u lind në vitin 605 të erës sonë, kur Hatixheja ishte pesëdhjetë vjeçe, pesë vjet para shpalljeve të para Kur'anore.^[14] Megjithatë, dymbëdhjetë imamllarët shiite raportojnë se Fatimeja ka lindur në vitin 612 ose 615 të erës sonë, kur Hatixheja ishte dyzet e pesë vjeçe.^[15] Sipas autorëve synitë si el-Tabari dhe Ibn Haxher el-Askalani, Fatimeja lindi kur Muhamedi ishte tridhjetë e pesë vjeç.^[16]

Myslimanët synitë besojnë se Fatimja kishte tre motra, të quajtura Zejneb, Umm Kulthum dhe Rukeje, të cilat nuk i mbijetuan Muhamedit.^[17] Megjithatë, disa dijetarë shiitë kanë argumentuar se të trija ishin vajzat e Halës, motrës së Hatixhes, të cilat u adoptuan nga Muhamedi në vdekjen e saj.^[18] Fatimja kishte gjithashtu tre vëllezër të quajtur Kasim, Abd-Allah dhe Ibrahim, të cilët vdiqën të gjithë në fëmijëri.^[19]

Bibliografia

Abbas, Hassan (2021). The prophet's heir: The life of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300252057. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-64696-0. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Khetia, Vinay (2013). Fatima as a motif of contention and suffering in Islamic sources (Tezë). Concordia University. {{cite thesis}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Aslan, Reza (2011). No god but God: The origins, evolution, and future of Islam. Random House. ISBN 9780812982442. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Ernst, Carl (2003). Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the contemporary world. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9780807875803. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Rogerson, Barnaby (2006). The heirs of the prophet Muhammad: And the roots of the Sunni-Shia schism. Abacus. ISBN 9780349117577. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Hazleton, Lesley (2009). After the prophet: The epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 9780385532099. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Fitzpatrick, Coeli; Walker, Adam Hani (2014). Muhammad in history, thought, and culture: An encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781610691772. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Muir, William (1891). The caliphate: Its rise, decline, and fall: From original sources. Religious Tract Society. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Vaglieri, Veccia (2021). "Fatima". Encyclopaedia of Islam (bot. Second). Brill Reference Online. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Bodley, R.V.C. (1946). The messenger; the life of Mohammed. Doubleday & Company, inc. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Ruffle, Karen (2012). "May Fatimah gather our tears: The mystical and intercessory powers of Fatimah Al-Zahra in Indo-Persian, Shii devotional literature and performance". Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 30 (3): 386–397. doi:10.1215/1089201X-2010-021. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein; Afsaruddin, Asma (2021). "Ali". Encyclopædia Britannica. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Günther, Sebastian (2005). Ideas, images, and methods of portrayal: Insights into classical Arabic literature and Islam. Brill. ISBN 9789004143258. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Sajjadi, Sadeq (2021). "Fadak". Encyclopaedia Islamica. Brill Reference Online. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
The Editors of Encyclopaedia, red. (2021). "Fatimah". Encyclopedia Britannica. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |editor-last= ka emër të përgjithshëm (Ndihmë!); Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Meri, Josef W. (2006). Medieval Islamic civilization: An encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415966900. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Jafri, S.H.M (1979). Origins and early development of Shia Islam. London: Longman. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Bowering, Gerhard, red. (2013). "Ali b. Abi Talib". The Princeton encyclopedia of Islamic political thought. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691134840. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Ruffle, Karen (2011). "May you learn from their model: The exemplary father-daughter relationship of Mohammad and Fatima in South Asian Shiʿism" (PDF). Journal of Persianate Studies. 4: 12–29. doi:10.1163/187471611X568267. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Momen, Moojan (1985). An introduction to Shi'i Islam. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780853982005. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Kelen, Betty (1975). Muhammad: The messenger of God. T. Nelson. ISBN 9780929093123. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
de-Gaia, Susan (2018). Encyclopedia of women in world religions. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781440848506. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
McAuliffe, Jane Dammen, red. (2002). "Fatima". Encyclopaedia of the Quran. Vëll. 2. ISBN 978-90-04-11465-4. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Ahmed, Shahab (1998). "Ibn Taymiyyah and the Satanic Verses". Studia Islamica. 87 (87): 67–124. doi:10.2307/1595926. JSTOR 1595926. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Nashat, Guity (1983). Women and revolution in Iran. Westview Press. ISBN 9780865319318. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Glassé, Cyril (2001). The new encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. ISBN 9780759101890. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Hazleton, Lesley (2013). The first Muslim: The story of Muhammad. Atlantic Books Ltd. ISBN 9781782392316. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Campo, Juan Eduardo, red. (2009). "Ahl al-Bayt". Encyclopedia Of Islam. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 9781438126968. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Mavani, Hamid (2013). Religious authority and political thought in Twelver Shi'ism: From Ali to post-Khomeini. Routledge. ISBN 9780415624404. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
Ayoub, Mahmoud M. (2011). Redemptive suffering in Islam: A study of the devotional aspects of Ashura in Twelver Shi'ism. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110803310. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

Referimet

^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Rogerson (2006, p. 42). Abbas (2021, p. 33)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)
^ Abbas (2021, p. 33). Khetia (2013, p. 6). Vaglieri (2021). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)
^ Vaglieri (2021)
^ Abbas (2021, pp. 81, 95). Hazleton (2009, pp. 52, 71). Khetia (2013, pp. 31, 32). Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 561). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)
^ Hazleton (2009, p. 73). Abbas (2021, p. 103)
^ Khetia (2013, p. 82). Abbas (2021, pp. 103, 104). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 183). Chittick (1981, p. 136). Nasr & Afsaruddin (2021)
^ Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 183). Abbas (2021, pp. 26, 33). Vaglieri (2021)
^ Al-Tabari (1998, p. 167)
^ Abbas (2021, p. 33)
^ Abbas (2021, p. 33). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)
^ Glassé (2001, p. 321). Bodley (1946, pp. 53, 54). Campo (2009, p. 319). McAuliffe (2002, p. 192). Muir (1891, p. 5)

[1] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[2] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[3] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[4] Rogerson (2006, p. 42). Abbas (2021, p. 33)

[5] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[6] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[7] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[8] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, pp. 182-186)

[9] Abbas (2021, p. 33). Khetia (2013, p. 6). Vaglieri (2021). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)

[10] Vaglieri (2021)

[11] Abbas (2021, pp. 81, 95). Hazleton (2009, pp. 52, 71). Khetia (2013, pp. 31, 32). Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 561). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)

[:funeral-12] Hazleton (2009, p. 73). Abbas (2021, p. 103)

[13] Khetia (2013, p. 82). Abbas (2021, pp. 103, 104). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)

[14] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 183). Chittick (1981, p. 136). Nasr & Afsaruddin (2021)

[15] Fitzpatrick & Walker (2014, p. 183). Abbas (2021, pp. 26, 33). Vaglieri (2021)

[16] Al-Tabari (1998, p. 167)

[:210-17] Abbas (2021, p. 33)

[18] Abbas (2021, p. 33). de-Gaia (2018, p. 56)

[19] Glassé (2001, p. 321). Bodley (1946, pp. 53, 54). Campo (2009, p. 319). McAuliffe (2002, p. 192). Muir (1891, p. 5)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

@@ Rreshti 55: / Rreshti 55: @@
 == Bibliografia ==
-* {{Cite book|last=Abbas|first=Hassan|title=The prophet's heir: The life of Ali ibn Abi Talib|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2021|isbn=9780300252057|pages=}}
+* {{Cite book|last=Abbas|first=Hassan|title=The prophet's heir: The life of Ali ibn Abi Talib|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2021|isbn=9780300252057}}
 * {{cite book | last=Madelung | first=Wilferd | author-link=Wilferd Madelung | title=The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=1997 | isbn=0-521-64696-0}}
-* {{Cite thesis|last=Khetia|first=Vinay|title=Fatima as a motif of contention and suffering in Islamic sources|date=2013|publisher=Concordia University|url=https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/976817/|page=}}
+* {{Cite thesis|last=Khetia|first=Vinay|title=Fatima as a motif of contention and suffering in Islamic sources|date=2013|publisher=Concordia University|url=https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/976817/}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Aslan|first=Reza|url=https://archive.org/details/nogodbutgodorigi0000asla_n9k1/mode/2up|title=No god but God: The origins, evolution, and future of Islam|publisher=Random House|year=2011|isbn=9780812982442}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Ernst|first=Carl|url=https://archive.org/details/followingmuhamma0005erns/mode/2up|title=Following Muhammad: Rethinking Islam in the contemporary world|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|year=2003|isbn=9780807875803|location=Chapel Hill}}
@@ Rreshti 63: / Rreshti 63: @@
 * {{Cite book|last=Hazleton|first=Lesley|url=https://archive.org/details/aftertheprophettheepicstoryoftheshiasunnisplitinislampdfdrive.com/mode/2up|title=After the prophet: The epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|year=2009|isbn=9780385532099}}
 * {{Cite book|last1=Fitzpatrick|first1=Coeli|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadinhistor0000unse_h4s1/mode/2up|title=Muhammad in history, thought, and culture: An encyclopaedia of the Prophet of God|last2=Walker|first2=Adam Hani|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2014|isbn=9781610691772}}
-* {{Cite book|last=Muir|first=William|url=https://archive.org/details/caliphateitsris00muirgoog/mode/2up|title=The caliphate: Its rise, decline, and fall: From original sources|publisher=Religious Tract Society|year=1891|pages=}}
+* {{Cite book|last=Muir|first=William|url=https://archive.org/details/caliphateitsris00muirgoog/mode/2up|title=The caliphate: Its rise, decline, and fall: From original sources|publisher=Religious Tract Society|year=1891}}
 * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2021|title=Fatima|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of Islam|publisher=Brill Reference Online|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/fatima-COM_0217?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopaedia-of-islam-2&s.q=fatima|last=Vaglieri|first=Veccia|edition=Second}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Bodley|first=R.V.C.|url=https://archive.org/details/messengerlifeofm00bodl/page/n5/mode/2up|title=The messenger; the life of Mohammed|publisher=Doubleday & Company, inc.|year=1946}}
 * {{Cite journal|last=Ruffle|first=Karen|date=2012|title=May Fatimah gather our tears: The mystical and intercessory powers of Fatimah Al-Zahra in Indo-Persian, Shii devotional literature and performance|url=https://ebookshia.com/books/view/2507/May+Fatimah+Gather+Our+Tears%3A+The+Mystical+and+Intercessory+Powers+of+Fatimah+al-Zahra+in+Indo-Persian%2C+Shi%E2%80%98i+Devotional+Literature+and+Performance|journal=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East|volume=30|issue=3|pages=386–397|doi=10.1215/1089201X-2010-021}}
-* {{cite encyclopedia|year=2021|title=Ali|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|publisher=|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali|access-date=|last1=Nasr|first1=Seyyed Hossein|author-link=Hossein Nasr|last2=Afsaruddin|first2=Asma}}
+* {{cite encyclopedia|year=2021|title=Ali|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|publisher=|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9005712/Ali|last1=Nasr|first1=Seyyed Hossein|author-link=Hossein Nasr|last2=Afsaruddin|first2=Asma}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Günther|first=Sebastian|title=Ideas, images, and methods of portrayal: Insights into classical Arabic literature and Islam|publisher=Brill|year=2005|isbn=9789004143258}}
 * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2021|title=Fadak|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Islamica|publisher=Brill Reference Online|url=https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-islamica/fadak-COM_036126?lang=en|last=Sajjadi|first=Sadeq}}
@@ Rreshti 77: / Rreshti 77: @@
 * {{Cite book|last=Momen|first=Moojan|title=An introduction to Shi'i Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontosh0000unse_d5k7|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1985|isbn=9780853982005}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Kelen|first=Betty|url=https://archive.org/details/muhammadmessenge0000kele/mode/2up?q=fatima|title=Muhammad: The messenger of God|publisher=T. Nelson|year=1975|isbn=9780929093123}}
-* {{Cite book|last=de-Gaia|first=Susan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jt91DwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA56|title=Encyclopedia of women in world religions|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2018|isbn=9781440848506|pages=}}
+* {{Cite book|last=de-Gaia|first=Susan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jt91DwAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA56|title=Encyclopedia of women in world religions|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2018|isbn=9781440848506}}
 * {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2002|title=Fatima|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Quran|url=https://archive.org/details/EncyclopaediaOfTheQuranVol.2eI/page/n1/mode/2up|editor-last=McAuliffe|editor-first=Jane Dammen|volume=2|isbn=978-90-04-11465-4}}
 * {{cite journal|last=Ahmed|first=Shahab|date=1998|title=Ibn Taymiyyah and the Satanic Verses|journal=[[Studia Islamica]]|volume=87|issue=87|pages=67–124|doi=10.2307/1595926|jstor=1595926}}
-* {{Cite book|last=Nashat|first=Guity|url=https://archive.org/details/womenrevolutioni0000unse/mode/2up|title=Women and revolution in Iran|publisher=Westview Press|year=1983|pages=|isbn=9780865319318}}
+* {{Cite book|last=Nashat|first=Guity|url=https://archive.org/details/womenrevolutioni0000unse/mode/2up|title=Women and revolution in Iran|publisher=Westview Press|year=1983|isbn=9780865319318}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Glassé|first=Cyril|url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas/mode/2up|title=The new encyclopedia of Islam|publisher=AltaMira Press|year=2001|isbn=9780759101890}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Hazleton|first=Lesley|url=https://archive.org/details/firstmuslimstory0000hazl_o5n7/|title=The first Muslim: The story of Muhammad|publisher=Atlantic Books Ltd|year=2013|isbn=9781782392316}}
-* {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2009|title=Ahl al-Bayt|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Of Islam|publisher=Infobase Publishing|url=https://archive.org/details/islam-encyclopedia-of-islam-2009/mode/2up|last=|first=|editor-last=Campo|editor-first=Juan Eduardo|isbn=9781438126968}}
+* {{Cite encyclopedia|year=2009|title=Ahl al-Bayt|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Of Islam|publisher=Infobase Publishing|url=https://archive.org/details/islam-encyclopedia-of-islam-2009/mode/2up|last=|editor-last=Campo|editor-first=Juan Eduardo|isbn=9781438126968}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Mavani|first=Hamid|url=https://archive.org/details/religiousauthori0000mava/mode/|title=Religious authority and political thought in Twelver Shi'ism: From Ali to post-Khomeini|publisher=Routledge|year=2013|isbn=9780415624404}}
 * {{Cite book|last=Ayoub|first=Mahmoud M.|title=Redemptive suffering in Islam: A study of the devotional aspects of Ashura in Twelver Shi'ism|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|year=2011|isbn=9783110803310}}