Alfabeti grek

Alfabeti grek
Αα Alfa	Νν Nu
Ββ Beta	Ξξ Xi
Γγ Gamma	Οο Omicron
Δδ Delta	Ππ Pi
Εε Epsilon	Ρρ Rho
Ζζ Zeta	Σσς Sigma
Ηη Eta	Ττ Tau
Θθ Theta	Υυ Upsilon
Ιι Iota	Φφ Phi
Κκ Kappa	Χχ Chi
Λλ Lambda	Ψψ Psi
Μμ Mu	Ωω Omega
Arkaik letërsi
Digamma	Koppa
Stigma	Sampi
Heta	Sho
San

Alfabeti grek është alfabeti që u përdorur për të shkruar gjuhën greke që nga shekulli IX p.e.s.

Shkronjat

Shkronja	Emërtimi	Shqiptimi i lashtësisë		Shqiptimi modern
Shkronja	Emërtimi	IPA^[1]	Shqiptim i ngjashëm	IPA^[2]	Shqiptim i ngjashëm^[3]
Α α	alfa, άλφα	E shkurtër: [a] E gjatë: [aː]	E shkurtër: ë E gjatë: a	[ɐ]	a
Β β	beta, βήτα	[b]^[4]	b^[5]^[4]	[v]	v
Γ γ	gama, γάμμα	[ɡ] [ŋ] kur vjen para γ, κ, ξ, χ, dhe ndoshta μ	g^[4] ng kur vjen para γ, κ, ξ, χ, dhe ndoshta μ^[4]^{[ex 1]}	[ɣ] ~ [ʝ], [ŋ]^{[ex 2]} ~ [ɲ]^{[ex 3]}	g ose j ose ng
Δ δ	delta, δέλτα	[d]	d^[5]^[4]	[ð]	dh
Ε ε	epsilon, έψιλον	[e]	ej
Ζ ζ	zeta, ζήτα	[zd], ose ndoshta [dz]	zd, ose ndoshta x^[6]^[7]^[9]	[z]	z
Η η	eta, ήτα	[ɛː]	e^[8]	[i]	i
Θ θ	theta, θήτα	[tʰ]	t^[8]^[10]^[7]	[θ]	th
Ι ι	iota, γιώτα	E shkurtër: [i] E gjatë: [iː]	E shkurtër: i si në "ik"^[8] E gjatë: i si në "birrë"^[3]	[i], [ç],^{[ex 4]} [ʝ],^{[ex 5]} [ɲ]^{[ex 6]}	i si në "birrë"
Κ κ	kapa, κάππα	[k]	k^[8]	[k] ~ [c]	k
Λ λ	lambda, λάμδα^[11]	[l]	ll^[5]^[12]
Μ μ	mi, μι	[m]	m^[5]^[12]
Ν ν	ni, νι	[n]	n^[12]
Ξ ξ	ksi, ξι	[ks]	ks^[12]
Ο ο	omikron, όμικρον	[o]	o si në gjermanisht: "Gott"^[12]
Π π	pi, πι	[p]	p^[12]
Ρ ρ	ro, ρο	[r]	rr^[12]^[5]
Σ σ/ς, Ϲ ϲ^[16]	sigma, σίγμα	[s] [z] para β, γ, or μ	s z kur vjen para β, γ, or μ^[12]
Τ τ	tau, ταυ	[t]	t^[12]
Υ υ	ipsilon, ύψιλον	E shkurtër: [y] E gjatë: [yː]	E shkurtër: y E gjatë: u si në frengjisht: "ruse"^[12]	[i]	i
Φ φ	fi, φι	[pʰ]	p^[17]	[f]	f
Χ χ	hi, χι	[kʰ]	k	[x] ~ [ç]	ch si në gjermanisht: "ich"
Ψ ψ	psi, ψι	[ps]	ps^[17]
Ω ω	omega, ωμέγα	[ɔː]	aw si në anglisht: "saw"^[17]^[7]	[o]	o si në gjermanisht: "Gott"

Referime

Greek Unicode Issues

^ Woodard 2008, pp. 15–17
^ Holton, Mackridge & Philippaki-Warburton 1998, p. 31
^ ^a ^b Adams 1987, pp. 6–7
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Mastronarde 2013, p. 10
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Groton 2013, p. 3
^ Hinge 2001, pp. 212–234
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Keller & Russell 2012, pp. 5–6
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Mastronarde 2013, p. 11
^ By around 350 BC, zeta in the Attic dialect had shifted to become a single fricative, [z], as in modern Greek.^[8]
^ Mastronarde 2013, pp. 11–13
^ Although the letter Λ is almost universally known today as lambda (λάμβδα), the most common name for it during the Greek Classical Period (510–323 BC) appears to have been labda (λάβδα), without the μ.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Mastronarde 2013, p. 12
^ ^a ^b Nicholas, Nick (2004). "Sigma: final versus non-final" (në anglisht). Marrë më 2016-09-29.
^ ^a ^b Thompson 1912, pp. 108, 144
^ Keller & Russell 2012, p. 6
^ The letter sigma Stampa:Angbr has two different lowercase forms in its standard variant, Stampa:Angbr and Stampa:Angbr, with Stampa:Angbr being used in word-final position and Stampa:Angbr elsewhere.^[7]^[12]^[13] In some 19th-century typesetting, Stampa:Angbr was also used word-medially at the end of a compound morpheme, e.g. "δυςκατανοήτων", marking the morpheme boundary between "δυς-κατανοήτων" ("difficult to understand"); modern standard practice is to spell "δυσκατανοήτων" with a non-final sigma.^[13] The letter sigma also has an alternative variant, the lunate sigma (uppercase Ϲ, lowercase ϲ), which is used in all positions.^[7]^[12]^[14] This form of the letter developed during the Hellenistic period (323–31 BC) as a simplification of the older Σ σ/ς variant.^[14] Thus, the word stasis can either be written στάσις or ϲτάϲιϲ.^[15] In modern, edited Greek texts, the lunate sigma typically appears primarily in older typesetting.^[12]
^ ^a ^b ^c Mastronarde 2013, p. 13

^ Për shembull, ἀγκών.
^ Për shembull, εγγραφή.
^ Për shembull, εγγεγραμμένος.
^ Për shembull, πάπια.
^ Për shembull, βια.
^ Për shembull, μια.

[woodard_2008_15-1] Woodard 2008, pp. 15–17

[holton_1998_31-2] Holton, Mackridge & Philippaki-Warburton 1998, p. 31

[Adams1987pp67-3] Adams 1987, pp. 6–7

[Mastronarde2013p10-4] Mastronarde 2013, p. 10

[Groton2013p10-5] Groton 2013, p. 3

[hinge-9] Hinge 2001, pp. 212–234

[KellerRussell2012pp56-10] Keller & Russell 2012, pp. 5–6

[Mastronarde2013p11-11] Mastronarde 2013, p. 11

[zetashift-12] By around 350 BC, zeta in the Attic dialect had shifted to become a single fricative, [z], as in modern Greek.^[8]

[Mastronarde2013pp1113-13] Mastronarde 2013, pp. 11–13

[lambdaorlabda-17] Although the letter Λ is almost universally known today as lambda (λάμβδα), the most common name for it during the Greek Classical Period (510–323 BC) appears to have been labda (λάβδα), without the μ.

[Mastronarde2013p12-18] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Mastronarde 2013, p. 12

[Nick2004-19] Nicholas, Nick (2004). "Sigma: final versus non-final" (në anglisht). Marrë më 2016-09-29.

[Thompson1912pp108144-20] Thompson 1912, pp. 108, 144

[21] Keller & Russell 2012, p. 6

[nicholas_finalsigma-22] The letter sigma Stampa:Angbr has two different lowercase forms in its standard variant, Stampa:Angbr and Stampa:Angbr, with Stampa:Angbr being used in word-final position and Stampa:Angbr elsewhere.^[7]^[12]^[13] In some 19th-century typesetting, Stampa:Angbr was also used word-medially at the end of a compound morpheme, e.g. "δυςκατανοήτων", marking the morpheme boundary between "δυς-κατανοήτων" ("difficult to understand"); modern standard practice is to spell "δυσκατανοήτων" with a non-final sigma.^[13] The letter sigma also has an alternative variant, the lunate sigma (uppercase Ϲ, lowercase ϲ), which is used in all positions.^[7]^[12]^[14] This form of the letter developed during the Hellenistic period (323–31 BC) as a simplification of the older Σ σ/ς variant.^[14] Thus, the word stasis can either be written στάσις or ϲτάϲιϲ.^[15] In modern, edited Greek texts, the lunate sigma typically appears primarily in older typesetting.^[12]

[Mastronarde2013p13-23] Mastronarde 2013, p. 13

[6] Për shembull, ἀγκών.

[7] Për shembull, εγγραφή.

[8] Për shembull, εγγεγραμμένος.

[14] Për shembull, πάπια.

[15] Për shembull, βια.

[16] Për shembull, μια.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[ex 1]

[ex 2]

[ex 3]

[6]

[7]

[9]

[8]

[10]

[ex 4]

[ex 5]

[ex 6]

[11]

[12]

[16]

[17]

[13]

[14]

[15]