Pierre Simon Laplace

Laplace

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23. prill 1749. - 5. mars 1827) ishte matematikan dhe astronom francez veprat e tij ishin bazë për zhvillimin e astronomisë matematikore. Të gjitha veprat e paraardhësve të tij i studjoi dhe i zgjëroi në librin e tij prej pesë vëllpmesh Mécanique Céleste (Mekanika qiellore) (1799-1825). Këtu mekanikën klasike e shqyrtoi duke shfrytëzuar edhe njehsimin diferencial.

Bibliografia

Nga Laplace

• Œuvres complètes de Laplace, 14 vol. (1878–1912), Paris: Gauthier-Villars (in French) (PDF copy from Gallica)
• Théorie du movement et de la figure elliptique des planètes (1784) Paris (not in Œuvres complètes)
• Précis de l'histoire de l'astronomie

Përkthimet anglisht

• Bowditch, N. (trans.) (1829-1839) Mécanique céleste, 4 vols, Boston
  • New edition by Reprint Services ISBN 0-7812-2022-X
• — [1829-1839] (1966-1969) Celestial Mechanics, 5 vols, including the original French
• Pound, J. (trans.) (1809) The System of the World, 2 vols, London: Richard Phillips
• _ The system of the world (v. 1)
• _ The system of the World (v.2)
• — [1809] (2007) The System of the World, vol.1, Kessinger, ISBN 1-4326-5367-9
• Toplis, J. (trans.) (1814) A treatise upon analytical mechanics Nottingham: H. Barnett
• Truscott, F. W. & Emory, F. L. (trans.) (2007) [1902]. A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities. ISBN 1-60206-328-1. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra të shumëfishtë: lista e autorëve (lidhja), translated from the French 6th ed. (1840)

Për Laplace dhe punën e tij

• Andoyer, H. (1922). L'œuvre scientifique de Laplace. Paris: Payot. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!) (Frengjisht)
• Bigourdan, G. (1931). "La jeunesse de P.-S. Laplace". La Science moderne (në frëngjisht). 9: 377–384.
• Crosland, M. (1967). The Society of Arcueil: A View of French Science at the Time of Napoleon I. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-435-54201-X. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• Dale, A. I. (1982). "Bayes or Laplace? an examination of the origin and early application of Bayes' theorem". Archive for the History of the Exact Sciences. 27: 23–47. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• David, F. N. (1965) "Some notes on Laplace", in Neyman, J. & LeCam, L. M. (eds) Bernoulli, Bayes and Laplace, Berlin, pp30-44
• Deakin, M. A. B. (1981). "The development of the Laplace transform". Archive for the History of the Exact Sciences. 25: 343–390. doi:10.1007/BF01395660. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• — (1982). "The development of the Laplace transform". Archive for the History of the Exact Sciences. 26: 351–381. doi:10.1007/BF00418754. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra shifrorë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• Dhombres, J. (1989). "La théorie de la capillarité selon Laplace: mathématisation superficielle ou étendue". Revue d'Histoire des sciences et de leurs applications (në frëngjisht). 62: 43–70.
• Duveen, D. & Hahn, R. (1957). "Laplace's succession to Bezout's post of Examinateur des élèves de l'artillerie". Isis. 48: 416–427. doi:10.1086/348608. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra të shumëfishtë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• Finn, B. S. (1964). "Laplace and the speed of sound". Isis. 55: 7–19. doi:10.1086/349791. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• Fourier, J. B. J. (1827). "Éloge historique de M. le Marquis de Laplace". Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences. 10: lxxxi–cii. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!), delivered 15 June 1829, published in 1831. (in French)
• Gillispie, C. C. (1972). "Probability and politics: Laplace, Condorcet, and Turgot". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 116(1): 1–20. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• — (1997) Pierre Simon Laplace 1749-1827: A Life in Exact Science, Princeton: Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-01185-0
• Grattan-Guiness, I., 2005, "'Exposition du système du monde' and 'Traité de méchanique céleste'" in his Landmark Writings in Western Mathematics. Elsevier: 242-57.
• Hahn, R. (1955). "Laplace's religious views". Archives internationales d'histoire des sciences. 8: 38–40. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• — (1982). Calendar of the Correspondence of Pierre Simon Laplace (bot. Berkeley Papers in the History of Science, vol.8). Berkeley, CA: University of California. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra shifrorë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• — (1994). New Calendar of the Correspondence of Pierre Simon Laplace (bot. Berkeley Papers in the History of Science, vol.16). Berkeley, CA: University of California. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra shifrorë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• — (2005) Pierre Simon Laplace 1749-1827: A Determined Scientist, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, ISBN 0-674-01892-3
• Israel, Werner (1987), "Dark stars: the evolution of an idea", përmbledhur nga Hawking, Stephen W.; Israel, Werner (red.), 300 Years of Gravitation, Cambridge University Press, fq. 199–276 {{citation}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• Rouse Ball, W. W. [1908] (2003) "Pierre Simon Laplace (1749 - 1827)", in A Short Account of the History of Mathematics, 4th ed., Dover, ISBN 0-486-20630-0
• Stigler, S. M. (1975). "Napoleonic statistics: the work of Laplace". Biometrika. 62: 503–517. doi:10.2307/2335393. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• — (1978). "Laplace's early work: chronology and citations". Isis. 69(2): 234–254. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra shifrorë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• Whitrow, G. J. (2001) "Laplace, Pierre-Simon, marquis de", Encyclopaedia Britannica, Deluxe CDROM edition
• Whittaker, E. T. (1949a). "Laplace". Mathematical Gazette. 33: 1–12. doi:10.2307/3608408. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• — (1949b). "Laplace". American Mathematical Monthly. 56(6): 369–372. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra shifrorë: lista e autorëve (lidhja)
• Wilson, C. (1985). "The Great Inequality of Jupiter and Saturn: from Kepler to Laplace". Archive for the History of the Exact Sciences. 33(1-3): 15–290. doi:10.1007/BF00328048. {{cite journal}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• Young, T. (1821). Elementary Illustrations of the Celestial Mechanics of Laplace: Part the First, Comprehending the First Book. London: John Murray. {{cite book}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!) (available from Google Books)

Lidhje të jashtme

• "Laplace, Pierre (1749-1827)". Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography. Wolfram Research. Marrë më 2007-08-24. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• "Pierre-Simon Laplace" in the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.
• "Bowditch's English translation of Laplace's preface". Méchanique Céleste. The MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. Marrë më 2007-09-04. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
• Laplace's math genealogy
• Extending Laplace & Fourier Transforms