Human Action

Human Action

Author	Ludwig von Mises
Original title	Human Action: A Treatise on Economics
Country	Shtetet e Bashkuara të Amerikës
Language	Anglisht
Subject	Ekonomi, Ekonomi politike
Publisher	Yale University Press
Media type	Shtyp
Pages	881
ISBN	ISBN 9780865976313

Është e vërtetë se ekonomia është një shkencë teorike dhe si e tillë abstenon nga çdo gjykim vlere... Shkenca nuk i thotë kurrë një njeriu se si duhet të veprojë; ajo vetëm tregon se si duhet të sillet një njeri nëse ai dëshiron të mbërrijë në përfundime të caktuara. Ludwig von Mises: Human Action, Introducion

Human Action: A Treatise on Economics botuar së pari në vitin 1949 është magnum opusi i Ludwig von Misesit. Kjo vepër përkufizoi një pjesë të mirë të koncepteve të Shkollës Austriake të Ekonomisë.

Vepra jep një argumentim të hollësishëm për kapitalizmin laissez-faire bazuar mbi veprimin njerëzor, apo mbi hetimin racional të vendim-marrjes njerëzore. Vepra refuzon pozitivizmin brenda ekonomisë. Misesi argumenton dhe tregon se ekonomia e tregut të lirë jo vetëm që i lë pas sistemet ekonomike të planifikuara, por shërben edhe si një themel për vet civilizimin.

Yale University Press botoi edicionin e parë të Human Action në vitin 1949. Botime të tjera të rishikuara pasuan në vitin 1963, po nga Yale University Press, dhe në vitin 1966 (edicioni i tretë) me redaktor Henry Regenery-në. Ky qe edhe edicioni i fundit i botuar gjatë jetës së Misesit. Në vitin 1996 u botua një edicion i katërt, me rishikime nga Bettina B. Greaves-i.

Pjesa e parë: Human Action (Veprimi njerëzor)

• I. Acting Man

Shkenca e veprimit njerëzor quhet prakseologji (praxeology). Veprimi njerëzor përfshin çdoherë një kosto oportune dhe është gjithnjë i qëllimshëm.

• II. The Epistemological Problems of the Sciences of Human Action
• III. Economics and the Revolt Against Reason
• IV. A First Analysis of the Category of Action
• V. Time
• VI. Uncertainty
• VII. Action Within the World

Pjesa e dytë: Actions Within the Framework of Society (Veprimet brenda kornizës së shoqërisë)

• VIII. Human Society
• IX. The Role of Ideas
• X. Exchange Within Society

Pjesa e tretë: Economic Calculation (Kalkulimi ekonomik)

• XI. Valuation Without Calculation
• XII. The Sphere of Economic Calculation
• XIII. Monetary Calculation as a Tool of Action

Pjesa e katërt: Catallactics or Economics of the Market Society (Katalaktika? apo Ekonomia e shoqërisë së tregut)

• XIV. The Scope and Method of Catallactics (Qëllimi dhe metoda e )
• XV. The Market
• XVI. Prices
• XVII. Interest
• IXVIII. nterest, Credit Expansion, and the Trade Cycle
• XIX. Work and Wages
• XX. The Nonhuman Original Factors of Production
• XXI. The Data of the Market
• XXII. Harmony and Conflict of Interests

Pjesa e pestë: Social Cooperation Without a Market (Bashkëveprimi shoqëror pa tregun)

• XXVThe Imaginary Construction of a Socialist Society
• XXVI. The Impossibility of Economic Calculation Under Socialism

Pjesa e gjashtë: The Hampered Market Economy

• XXVII. The Government and the Market
• XXVIII. Interference by Taxation
• XXIX. Restriction of Production
• XXX. Interference with the Structure of Prices
• XXXI. Currency and Credit Manipulation
• XXXII. Confiscation and Redistribution
• XXXIII. Syndicalism and Corporativism
• XXXIV. The Economics of War
• XXXV. The Welfare Principle Versus the Market Principle
• XXXVI. The Crisis of Interventionism

Pjesa e shtatë: The Place of Economics in Society (Vendi i ekonomisë në shoqëri)

• XXVIII. The Nondescript Character of Economics
• XXXIX. The Place of Economics in Learning
• XL. Economics and the Essential Problems of Human Existence

Përkthimi në gjuhët e tjera

• Në italisht (1959) si L'azione umana : trattato di economia, Torino: UTET
• Në kinezisht (1976) as 人的行為 : 經濟學硏論 / Ren de xing wei : jing ji xue yan lun by 台湾銀行經濟硏究室, Taiwan yin hang jin ji yan jiu shi, (Bank of Taiwan) Stampa:Oclc
• Në spanjisht (1995) si La acción humana : tratado de economía Madrid: Unión Editorial D.L., ISBN 978-84-7209-292-1
• Në gjuhën çeke, 2006. ISBN 80-86389-45-6.
• In 2007 was published in Polish by the Instytut Ludwiga von Misesa (Warszawa) as Ludzkie działanie : traktat o ekonomii ISBN 978-83-926160-0-9
• Në turqisht si İnsan eylemi : iktisat üzerine bir inceleme, Ankara: Liberte Yayınları (2008) ISBN 978-975-6201-41-1
• Në japonisht si ヒューマン・アクション : 人間行為の経済学 / Hyūman akushon : Ningen kōi no keizaigaku, 春秋社, Tōkyō : Shunjūsha (2008) ISBN 978-4-393-62183-7
• In 2011 the Ludwig von Mises Institute Brazil translated it to Portuguese language and published it as Ação Humana – Um Tratado de Economia. ISBN 85-62816-05-1
• Në frëngjisht, përkthyer nga Raoul Audouin si "L’action humaine : Traité d’économie". Libre échange. Paris : PUF, 1985. ISBN 2-13-038598-2

Shiko dhe

• Ludwig von Mises
• Libertarianizmi

Edicione të librit

• Human Action: A Treatise on Economics, 1998 Scholar's Edition:
  • Study Guide
    • "Study Guide to Human Action" by Robert Murphy, December 2008
  • Audiolibër lexuar nga Jeff Riggenbach (YouTube)
  • (Jo përfaqësues të tekstit të plotë)
    • Introduction
    • Chapter 1 "Acting Man"
    • Chapter 2 "The Sciences of Human Action" (study guide)
    • Chapter 3 "Economics and the Revolt Against Reason" (study guide)
    • Chapter 4 "A First Analysis of the Category of Action" (study guide)
    • Chapter 5 "Time and Praxeology" (study guide)
    • Chapter 6 "Uncertainty" (study guide)
    • Chapter 7 "Action Within the World" (study guide)
    • Chapter 8 "Human Society" (study guide)
    • Chapter 9 "The Role of Ideas" (study guide)
    • Chapter 10 "Exchange Within Society" (study guide)
    • Chapter 11 "Valuation Without Calculation" (study guide)
    • Chapter 12 "The Sphere of Economic Calculation" (study guide)
    • Chapter 14 "The Scope and Method of Catallactics" (study guide)
    • Chapter 15 (Part I, Part II) "The Market" (study guide)
    • Chapter 16 (Part I, Part II, Part III) "Prices" (study guide)
    • Chapter 16 "Mathematics Versus Economic Logic", "Brand Confidence and the Economics of Good Will"
    • Chapter 17 "Demand for Money and Supply of Money", "Carl Menger's Theory of the Origin of Money", "The Determination of the Purchasing Power of Money", "The Notion of Neutral Money", "Inflation and Deflation", "The Anticipation of Changes in Purchasing Power", "The Specific Value of Money", "There is Money and Then There Are Money Substitutes", "Free Banking and Contract Law", "Free Banking versus Large-scale Credit Expansion", "Unconditional Redemption for Gold", "Government Against Capitalists", "The Inflationist View of History", "The Gold Standard", "International Monetary Cooperation"
    • Chapter 18 "The West's Available Capital Goods ", "Some Applications of the Time-Preference Theory"
    • Chapter 19 "The Phenomenon of Interest", "The Nature of Interest"
    • Chapter 20 "Role of Interest in Entrepreneurial Calculations", "Malinvestment, Not Overinvestment, Causes Booms", "The Alleged Absence of Depressions under Totalitarianism", "Credit Expansion vs. Simple Inflation", "The Monetary or Circulation-Credit Theory of the Trade Cycle", "The Market Economy as Affected by the Recurrence of the Trade Cycle", "The Role Played by Unemployed Factors of Production in the First Stages of the Boom", "The Fallacies of Nonmonetary Explanations of the Trade Cycle", "Catallactic Unemployment"
    • Chapter 21 "Gross Wage Rates and Net Wage Rates", "Wages and Subsistence", "The History of Capitalism", "The Popular Interpretation of the "Industrial Revolution", "Wage Rates as Affected by the Vicissitudes of the Market"
    • Chapter 23 "Market Data: Power, War, and Man", "The Problems of External Costs and External Economies"
    • Chapter 24 "The Ultimate Source of Profit and Loss on the Market", "The Harmony of the 'Rightly Understood' Interests", "Private Property", "Economic Nationalism Is a Philosophy of War"

Resurse të tjera

• Artikuj, ese dhe recensione
  • "The Power of the Pocket Edition" nga Jeffrey Tucker, November 2010
  • "Human Action at Sixty" by Richard M. Ebeling, March 2009
  • "Mises's Gift of Human Action" by Jonathan M. Finegold Catalan, May 2011
  • The Freeman: Human Action 60th Anniversary issue September 2009
    • "Human Action, 1949: A Dramatic Episode in Intellectual History" by Israel M. Kirzner, September 2009 (also published here)
    • "What Human Action Has Meant to Me: Reflections of a Young Economist" by Peter T. Leeson
    • "Human Action: The Treatise in Economics" by Peter J. Boettke
    • "Human Action: The 60th Anniversary" by Bettina Bien Greaves
    • "Human Action as a Work of Art" by Sheldon Richman
  • "Reflections on Human Action after 50 Years" by Vernon L. Smith, Fall 1999
  • "The Methodology of Human Action" by Lawrence H. White, Fall 1999
  • "Epistemological Relativism in the Sciences of Human Action" Ludwig von Mises, 1960
  • "The Place of Mises's Human Action in the Development of Modern Economic Thought" (PDF) by Joseph T. Salerno, Spring 1999
  • "The Why of Human Action" by Ludwig von Mises, September 1949
  • "The Case for Capitalism" by Henry Hazlitt, September 1949
  • Mises Review: "Human Action, The Scholar's Edition" by David Gordon, Winter 1999 (republished as Mises Daily here)
• Media të tjera
  • In Studio: "Human Action: Pocket Edition" intervistë me Douglas French, (YouTube)
  • The Science of Human Action lecture by Hans-Hermann Hoppe, July 2011 (YouTube)
  • Human Action animation
  • Authors Forum: Human Action Study Guide lecture by Robert P. Murphy, March 2009 (YouTube)
  • Acting Man online lesson